Around 1570, only 900,000 people lived in Sweden, and only 1.8 million in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and Finland in total.
In the late 1600s Gothenburg only had 10,000 people and in the early to mid 1800s only about 20,000, just doubling in about 150-170 years.
In the next 150 years of industrialization it grew 25 times bigger, to 550,000 inhabitants, while the national population grew about 11 times to 9.9 million, and the nordic region in total grew by 15 times to 26.5 million.
Quite scary numbers in a way, but still we have a lot of empty space.
